Chemical Safety Science, 2017, Volume 1, No 2, p. 44 -87

 

Nanoscale objects and nanomaterials

 

UDC 504.054, 615.9                                                                         Download PDF (Rus)

DOI:  10.25514/CHS.2017.2.10982

 

ASPECTS OF NANOMATERIAL SAFETY: NANOSAFETY, NANOTOXICOLOGY, NANOINFORMATICS

N. Yu. Kovaleva*, E. G. Raevskaya, and A. V. Roshchin

Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Received October 20, 2017

Published December 25, 2017

Abstract – Safety issues related to nanomaterials (NMs) are reviewed in terms of their impact on the environment and human health. A series of emerging disciplines of research and development is discussed, i.e. nanosafety, nanotoxicology, and nanoinformatics. Present-day situation in Russia and abroad in the field of safety of NMs is described. The assessment and management of risks associated with industrial NM handling; evaluation and regulation of hazardous environmental and occupational exposure of NMs are considered. Classification and properties of NMs, mechanisms of their toxic action, methods for determining toxicity, as well as cytotoxicity of various types of NMs are presented. Information resources on data related to NMs are briefly discussed, which can be useful for chemists and other specialists working in this field.

Keywords: nanoparticles, nanomaterials, nanotechnologies, nanosafety, nanotoxicology, nanomaterial toxic action mechanisms, ecotoxicological effect, toxicity assessment methods, risk assessment, nanoinformatics, ontologies and databases on nanomaterials.